Laptop from Taiwan, wine from Italy, frozen shrimp from India, Nike sneakers from Vietnam and Irish butter.
These products are in homes in all the United States, a proof of America’s constant role as a champion of free trade and its position as the most lucrative market of goods around the world.
They are now among the huge categories of goods subject to additional taxes after Wednesday, Wednesday, Wednesday, impose universal invoices on all US trade partners, as well as in additional, heavier duties in 60 countries that considered the “worst offenders”.
In a sharp shift from decades of commercial policy, Mr Trump established a 10 % base duty on all goods introduced to the United States. In addition, other nations will be charged a so -called mutual invoice with an even higher percentage next week.
For the European Union and China, the two largest US partners in the US, the White House imposed 20 % and 34 % invoices. The additional contribution to China will be added to a 20 % invoice previously imposed by Mr Trump.
Even close allies such as Japan and South Korea were not familiar with. Neither countries such as Australia and Brazil that buy more from America than they sell in it.
The announcement, which Mr Trump had saluted as a “day of liberation” of America, sent waves of shock around the world and set the ghost of a world trade war. Stock markets collapsed in the news, as investors amazed at the size and scope of invoices.
In less than three months, Mr Trump has pronounced invoices in Canada, Mexico and China, along with import tasks for steel, aluminum, cars and car parts. The executive order on Wednesday included exceptions for semiconductors, medicines and timber. But analysts believe they are not repriefes. They are products next to them.
The allies and opponents are trying to understand the invoice of Mr Trump, which has raised US introductory duties to their highest levels at more than a century and has shown no sign of renovation. Some were threatening to oppose. Others were pressing openly for negotiations, while some pushed quietly for concessions through the back channels.
China accused America of “unilateral bullying”, committing to “steadily countermeasures to protect its own rights and interests”. South Korea convened an emergency working group and pledged to “throw all government resources to overcome a commercial crisis”. In Brazil, the government of President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva said it was evaluating retaliation measures.
At an early morning address on Thursday, Ursula von der Leyen, chairman of the European Commission, said the global economy would “suffer massively” from invoices. While urging the negotiation, he said the block is preparing further countermeasures in addition to the invoices already prepared for the previous tax on foreign steel and aluminum.
Asia was particularly struck by Mr Trump’s plan. Vietnam, the beneficiary of companies moving from China during the first presidency of Trump, slapped a 46 %contribution. Taiwan, Thailand and Indonesia faced all import duties of more than 30 %. The White House put 26 % invoice on imports from India.
For decades, exports have served as a way for economic prosperity for the development of Asian countries resulting from conflict, crisis or poverty. The latest invoices were punished with countries such as Taiwan and Japan that have managed to modernize their economies through trade and also darken the prospects for poorer nations such as Cambodia and Bangladesh, who are still looking for this route.
Cambodia, a clothing and footprint producer, was hit with an invoice of 49 %. The United States is the country’s largest export market.
“As a small country, we just want to survive,” said Sok Eysan, a spokesman for the ruling Cambodian People’s Party.
Mr Trump has accused the sale of cheap goods from these countries for the hollow from the construction of America. But they also helped to maintain inflation in the vagina, reducing prices for US consumers.
Sarang Shidore, director of the South World Program at the Quincy Institute for Washington Statate in Washington, DC, said the invoices would hit many developing countries harder, while encouraging much of the world to move faster towards a class without the United States.
“When it comes to trade, we are largely in a multipolar world and there are alternative markets. Although of course there will be pain and cost of trading in differentiation,” he said.
Anthony Albanese, prime minister of Australia, said his country would not respond to retaliation invoices, Australia’s promising would not “join a race at the bottom that leads to higher prices and slower growth”.
In Japan, officials and commercial experts were removed from the size of the new invoice that the country will face – 24 %. It was especially jarring given Japan’s invoice in non -agricultural goods it is one of the lowest worldwide. Japan called the invoice “extremely sad” and pledged to continue seeking exemption.
Prime Minister Shigeru Ishiba has pledged to increase Japanese investment to about $ 1 trillion, focusing on the market for more US products such as liquefied natural gas.
Speaking before the announcement of the latest invoices, Takeshi Niinami, chief executive of Suntory Holdings, Japanese giant drinks known for whiskey premium trademarks, said he believed that invoices could negotiate because Japan is the largest investor in the United States.
“There may be a period of chaos,” he said. “But in the end, the situation will stabilize.”
Exiger, a data analysis company, estimated that Trump’s announcements would result in $ 600 billion of new US invoices a year. Most of the levy will come from 10 countries, with Chinese exports representing one quarter of additional invoices to $ 149 billion. Vietnam’s goods will face $ 63 billion, Taiwanese products of $ 37 billion and Japanese exports of $ 36 billion in invoices. German and Irish goods in combination will face additional contributions of $ 41 billion.
During the first presidency of Trump, technology companies moved some production to Vietnam to protect against a potential trade war with China. One -third of Vietnam exports is now electronically.
Apple has moved AirPods, watches and iPads in recent years in Vietnam. It also shifted some iPhone production in India, after years based solely on Chinese factories.
Samsung Electronics in South Korea has invested more than $ 20 billion in Vietnam since it began to open factories about two decades ago. It now produces more goods in Vietnam from China. Last year, it produced goods worth about $ 70 billion in its plants in Vietnam, most for exports.
Mr Trump’s policies also complicate decisions on smaller American businesses. Brenden McMorrow, co -founder of Move2play, a Torrance -based Toymaker, California, said the company has created all its products in China since it started about nine years ago. But he began examining factories in Vietnam or India to protect from Chinese import invoices.
In Vietnam, he found that the factories carried out by Chinese companies using China materials were not much cheaper. Instead, he decided to test a trial of manufacturing one of his games in India – a decision Mr McMorrow said it looks better with the high invoice imposed on Vietnam. He was studying if he could build in the United States, but said the cost was about five times higher than in China.
And despite the highest cost of invoices, it does not see our production as more viable now.
“I don’t think it is really reasonable to invest in trying to do a lot of this construction in the US, if the next president comes and simply reverses the lessons on all these invoices, then you will find yourself at a terrible spot,” he said. “It is more reasonable to stick to the point where we are making today and not make great dangerous moves.”
Damien Cave; Jack Nikos; Victoria Kim; Alex; Choe sang-hun; Sui-lee wee and David Pierson They contributed reports.
